蒲葵籽活性单体的分离及其抗癌活性研究

通过乙醇浸提、乙酸乙酯萃取、减压蒸馏得到蒲葵籽乙酸乙酯相,经过硅胶色谱柱及TLC分离、结晶及重结晶等方法,获得7种主要的单体化合物,质谱表征结果显示分别为豆甾醇、薯蓣皂苷元、棕榈酸乙酯、小麦黄素、芹菜素、β-胡萝卜苷和正十六酸,其中薯蓣皂苷元首次从蒲葵籽乙酸乙酯相中获得。对分离出的单体化合物进行MTT法抗肿瘤实验,结果表明:薯蓣皂苷元及β-胡萝卜苷对肝癌细胞株Bel-7402、宫颈癌细胞株Hela及胃癌细胞株SGC7901的生长具有明显的抑制作用,是蒲葵籽抑制癌细胞功能的主要有效成分。     

基于收益-风险双目标规划的随机能力扩张模型

能力扩张问题是指在不同计划期,根据不断增长的市场需求,调整生产能力,使产能与需求合适匹配以寻求企业盈利的最佳表现.能力扩张涉及长期的产能投资,是生产领域的战略决策问题.当面对不确定需求时,这一决策任务变得十分复杂,需要从回报与风险两个角度评估能力扩张方案的性能.本文基于Scenario树描述多阶段的随机需求,从而建立随机环境下能力扩张问题的Scenario决策模型.其中考虑两个决策目标:最大化利润和最小化期望下方风险,因而形成了一个双目标规划问题.为求解该问题,基于二进制粒子群优化技术,提出了双目标优化的粒子群算法.算例表明该算法可以得到近似Pareto前沿,且能揭示利润与风险的同向变化关系.     

政策对发电企业能源决策的影响及最优化模型

论文考虑由可再生能源发电企业和传统化石燃料发电企业组成的电力供应市场,分析可再生能源电价补贴政策、可再生能源技术研发投入补贴政策、不可再生能源碳排放价格政策的影响,建立了两类电力企业以自身利润最大为目标的决策模型,给出了最优解的表达形式.论文结合我国生物质能源政策,分析得出:提高可再生能源技术研发投入补贴率是刺激企业增加技术研发投入的有效措施;为优化我国能源结构同时增加社会总发电量,不能将碳排放价格制定过高,而应重点降低可再生能源的发电成本.最后,论文引入由消费者剩余、电力部门总收入、补贴或者税收收入转移、环境损害组成的社会福利函数模型,构建了基于社会福利最大的可再生能源政策决策模型,得出我国应加大生物质能源研发投入补贴率、提高碳排放价格实现社会福利最大化.论文的研究工作和得到的结论对相关部门制定有效的可再生能源政策具有积极的指导意义.     

NaCl溶液中20Cr9Ni5Co14不锈钢电化学腐蚀行为

采用电化学极化技术(动电位极化技术、线性极化技术和循环极化技术)和交流阻抗技术研究了不同条件下20Cr9Ni5Co14超高强度不锈钢的电化学腐蚀行为,并采用扫描电镜对极化后腐蚀形貌进行了表征.结果表明,20Cr9Ni5Co14钢在3.5%(质量分数)Na Cl溶液中出现钝化.随着Na Cl浓度的升高,钝化现象消失,而自腐蚀电流密度从8.223×10-7A/cm2减小至1.129×10-7A/cm2;随着p H值的降低,20Cr9Ni5Co14钢的致钝电位和过钝化电位增加.在p H值高于3时,腐蚀产物膜具有良好的耐腐蚀性能而导致反应步骤成为控制步骤.而当p H值降低到2时,腐蚀产物溶解速度很快,金属界面发生腐蚀速率很大,浓差极化成为了控制步骤.对腐蚀形貌研究表明,20Cr9Ni5Co14钢在极化过程中出现点腐蚀,导致了材料的耐腐蚀性能下降.     

曲面论高斯方程公式的几种形式的推导方法

考虑曲面论高斯方程公式的表示问题.运用曲面上基本方程的矩阵表示法,给出高斯方程直接的显式公式表示;指出高斯曲率简化公式的推导来源,揭示出高斯曲率隐式公式的发现过程,并给出了Liouville形式的高斯方程的证明过程.     

舵叶随动式液压球形关节运动学及性能分析

针对球面运动机构驱动方式问题,提出了一种新型液压驱动球形关节机构,该机构利用超全周转动马达及舵叶摆动马达作为驱动,可以实现超全周转动;由机构学理论推导了正逆运动学方程及雅克比矩阵,得出了机构的奇异位形;分析了机构的灵巧度性能指标及惯性力全域性能指标,通过仿真找到了机构性能较优时的结构参数. 该关节机构具有结构紧凑、低耦合、负载大并且能够实现全方位输出的特点.      

Effect of thermo-mechanical treatment on mechanical and elastic properties of Ti–36Nb–5Zr alloy

The evolutions of phase constitutions and mechanical properties of a β-phase Ti–36Nb–5Zr(wt%) alloy during thermo-mechanical treatment were investigated. The alloy consisted of dual(β t α″) phase and exhibited a double yielding phenomenon in solution treated state. After cold rolling and subsequent annealing at 698 K for 20 min, an excellent combination of high strength(833 MPa) and low modulus(46 GPa) was obtained. The high strength can be attributed to high density of dislocations, nanosized α phase and grain refinement. On the other hand, the low Young's modulus originates from the suppression of chemical stabilization of β phase during annealing, which guarantees the low β-phase stability. Furthermore, the single-crystal elastic constants of the annealed Ti–36Nb–5Zr alloy were extracted from polycrystalline alloy using an in-situ synchrotron X-ray technique. The results indicated that the low shear modulus C44 contributes to the low Young's modulus for the Ti–36Nb–5Zr alloy, suggesting that reducing C44 through thermo-mechanical treatment might be an efficient approach to realize low Young's modulus in β-phase Ti alloys. The results achieved in this study could be helpful to elucidate the origin of low modulus and sheds light on developing novel biomedical Ti alloys with both low modulus and high strength.     

Effects of maternal aging on localizations and expression levels of DNA methyltransferases and chromosome architecture in in-vivo matured mouse oocytes

This paper investigated the age-related changes in the expression patterns of maintenance methyltransferase (DNMT1) and de novo methyltransferases (DNMT3a, 3b, 3L) and the chromosome architecture in in-vivo matured mouse oocytes using two-photon laser-scanning microscope. Our results showed that (1) DNMT1 and DNMT3a, 3b, 3L in the oocytes of pubertal mice were located in the cortical region of oocyte cytoplasm. In aging groups, DNMT1 was also located in the cortical region. However, DNMT3a, 3b, 3L had a relatively wider distribution in the oocyte cytoplasm and appeared near the chromosomes. These differences between pubertal and aging groups suggested that aging might affect DNA methylation; (2) the expression of DNMT1, and DNMT3a, 3b in aging groups increased significantly compared to pubertal groups, while, the expression of DNMT3L decreased. These results might be explained by the compensation mechanism among DNMTs, which might be impervious to aging; (3) aging caused increased errors in the distribution and three-dimensional morphology of chromosomes, including the increased total volume and surface area, the high ratio of height to diameter of a circular cylinder enclosing the chromosomes (H/D). Our work provided morphological information for the studies of age-related decline in oocyte qualities.     

火灾公众责任风险定价模型及实证

公共场所火灾的责任风险不同于一般的责任风险,它的低概率、高损失和厚尾性等特点使得它的风险定价模型不能直接采用被广泛应用的广义线性定价模型,也正是由于此,该问题鲜见人研究。根据公共场所火灾第三者责任风险样本数据特点,传统的参数分布假设无法得到较好的效果,本文用非参数高斯核密度函数替代广义线性模型的指数分布族,对火灾公众责任风险进行定价,取得了较好的效果。     

Efficient hybrid neural network for spike sorting

Artificial neural network has been used successfully to develope the automatic spike extraction. In order to address some of the problems before the wireless transmission of the implantable chip, the automatic spike sorting method with low complexity and high efficiency is proposed based on the hybrid neural network with the principal component analysis network (PCAN) and normal boundary response (NBR) self-organizing mapping (SOM) network classifier. An automatic PCAN technique is used to reduce the dimension and eliminate the correlation of the spike signal. The NBR-SOM network performs the spike sorting challenge and improves the classification performance. The experimental results show that based on the hybrid neural network, the spike sorting method achieves the accuracy above 97.91% with signals containing five classes. The proposed NBR-SOM network classifier is to further improve the stability and effectiveness of the classification system.